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US has been pursuing finance based planning in conjunction with consumption-led growth which has resulted in stagflation and lack of success in achieving self-sufficiency in semiconductor lithography steppers, EUV photoresists, rare earth metals/alloys/magnets, and so on .

It may be time to shift to technology based planning in conjunction with investment-led growth and thereby increase investment in new plant and equipment as well as infrastructure.

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Yes, you are correct. It will be a hard lesson for Americans and American economists to learn.

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